Life In The (Jewish) Ghetto Essays - The Holocaust,

Life In The (Jewish) Ghetto Life in the Ghetto It is broadly recognized what went on between the Jews and the Germans during World War II. Tons of Jews were murdered in view of Hitler's contempt, Hitler's oppression, and Hitler's wrath. While numerous individuals today despite everything wince at the idea of life in inhumane imprisonments, many don't know about the brutal reality that existed in the Jewish ghettos. The word ghetto isn't just the most unnerving spot in America yet in addition a word used to allude to a Jewish people group. These ghettos or networks were the holding regions of many, numerous Jews who had to perform slave work for the Germans during the war as opposed to going to inhumane imprisonments. In Germany, during the beginning periods of the war, an ever increasing number of occupations were shut to Jews, and the free callings were completely prohibited to them. Be that as it may, during the drafting of a general law intended to thoroughly uproot the Jews from their situations in the economy, it got obvious to the Germans that the issue couldn't be fathomed without all the while making room for expanded resettlement. In the event that the Germans confiscated them, they would never again be a weight on the German economy. In June of 1938, a man named Martin Bormann, following up in the interest of the fuhrer's representative, Rudolf Hess, sent German gathering activists a mystery order about the expulsion of Jews from the economy. In a Nazi gathering hung on October 14, 1938, a man named Herman Goring, who was second in power just to Chancellor Adolf Hitler, proclaimed that Aryanization (making the world one Aryan race) was the state's, and just the state's anxiety, including that he was not set up to distribute remote cash to discard the Jews. He likewise included the comment that if the need emerges we should build up ghettos in the large urban areas, thus it appears the stage was set as this was the first run through notice was made of the arrangement to set up Jewish work detachments. Initially, the ghettos shouldn't be lasting organizations, however utilized as transitory death camps until it was conceivable to locate a definitive answer for the issue of discarding al the Jews. The main known example of foundation of a ghetto was in December of 1939 out of a town called Leczyca in Poland when the Germans endeavored to isolate the Jewish populace from the Poles. An unmistakable case of the manner by which huge networks were drained was the destiny of Kalisz, one of the most established Jewish people group in Poland with a populace of twenty thousand at the flare-up of the war. The two Germans and Poles participated in the ruthless assaults against the Jews. The Jews got no opportunity. Numerous Jews fled, somewhere in the range of 7,000 arriving at Warsaw. The sound men staying in Kalisz were sent to work in the camp, while the debilitated were butchered in a close by timberland. By October of 1940, just two or three hundred Jews were left in the city. The primary ghetto to be built up in an efficient manner was the Lodz ghetto. Legislative head of the Kalisz-Lodz District, Friedrich Ubelhor, had arranged the thought for a ghetto in Lodz since December 10, 1939. Ubelhor proposed two things. The first was to deter the majority of the Jewish populace in the northern piece of the city, where a large portion of the Jews lived, and to move the Jews from different pieces of the Lodz territory to this zone. The second was to choose those fit to work and amass them in another ghetto, really a work camp, where they would be sorted out in the process of childbirth brigades. The initial phase in setting up Ubelhor's work camp was to initially fix the outskirts of the ghetto and work out the issues of transport through the roads .The Germans and Poles additionally needed to see new homes as resettled in. Different elements that had an impact were fixing and guarding the ghetto, arrangements for clinical consideration, sewage, reject expulsion, entombments, and fuel important for warming. The reason for building up the ghetto in Lodz concentrated principally on three circles: (1) the expelling of whatever number Jews as could be allowed, with inclination given to the

The Impact Of Penal Populism On Policy Change Criminology Essay

The Impact Of Penal Populism On Policy Change Criminology Essay This paper investigates the effect of punitive populism on strategy change, analyzing meanings of corrective populism and managerialism and assessing their significance as determinants of arrangement change. With the end goal of this paper, the emphasis will be on the crusade for Sarahs Law and the effect on strategies identifying with sex guilty parties that emerged from the battle. As per Pratt (2007) the sources of corrective populism lie in crafted by Sir Anthony Bottoms (1995) who utilized the term populist correctional nature (Bottoms 1995 refered to in Pratt 2007: 2) to talk about one of the principle impacts on contemporary criminal equity and punitive frameworks (Pratt 2007: 2). The term reformative nature alludes to the publics dissatisfaction and their cruel mentalities because of guilty parties (Green 2009: 520). The thought of corrective nature recommends a lopsided utilization of approvals and thus a deviation from the rule of proportionality (Matthews 2005: 179). During the 1980s it was yielded by senior moderate legislators that in correctional issues it was the mainstream press as opposed to educated supposition that checked (Ryan 2003: 117). Populism is a political reaction preferring prevalence instead of political contemplations (Roberts et al. 2003: 3) and correctional populism is a mark, given to government officials who devise reformatory punitive approaches that are well known with the overall population (Pratt 2007: 8). Both reformatory populism and populist corrective nature are utilized to allude to the assumption that it is the cruel mentalities of the overall population that drives and legitimizes a harsher position on wrongdoing and discipline approaches (Green 2009: 521). However Roberts et al. (2003:5) contend that the appointive preferred position of an approach outweighs any corrective adequacy and instead of endeavoring to lessen crime percentages, punitive populism is only legislators seeking after a lot of arrangements t o win votes. Wrongdoing is socially developed, politically-affected and verifiably factor Punishment, similar to wrongdoing, is generally and socially unforeseen (Newburn 2007:15). Notwithstanding, Pratt (2007) contends that one of the cutoff points of correctional populism is that the publics want for discipline isn't unquenchable. Correctional populism is an enthusiastic reaction to horrible, frequently uncommon, wrongdoings that produce extreme media consideration (Roberts et al. 2003: 9). The ensnarement of legislative issues and media makes a situation urging lawmakers to offer fast answers for the most genuine wrongdoings (Roberts et al. 2003: 36). Moreover, exceptionally correctional arrangements are incited by reformatory populism, mirroring a place of shock as opposed to normally considering the strategy choices according to culpable (Roberts et al. 2003: 36). Corrective populism is a result of social and social changes and the ascent of reformatory populism mirrors a central move in the hub of contemporary correctional force realized by these changes (Pratt 2007: 3). Correctional populism originates from the absence of confidence in the legislature, the decay of regard and the development of ontological instability, alongside new media advancements assisting with spreading it (Pratt 2007: I). There are various issues that require further assessment as indicated by Matthews (2005); definition, etiology and the connection among corrective nature and other predominant patterns in punitive strategy, for example, managerialism, which are believed to include extraordinary and even oppositional flows (Matthews 2005: 178). Comparable issues are experienced with the term bifurcation, seeing the corrective framework as a twin track or bifurcated framework with coercive and segregative controls on the one side and comprehensive network put together controls with respect to the next is excessively prohibitive (Matthews 2005: 181). Managerialism is a lot of strategies and practices which expect to crack and realign relations of intensity inside the criminal equity framework so as to change the structures and redesign the procedures (McLaughlin 2001: 169). Managerialism centers around the activity of the framework instead of the treatment of casualties and suspects and there is an accentuation on results, targets also, execution markers. The fundamental change in corrective strategy has not been towards increasingly emotive or expressive disciplines yet the improvement of progressively regulatory and generic styles of guideline (Matthews 2005: 188). As indicated by Matthews (2005: 185) new styles of managerialism have been presented, which seem to create close by corrective nature, what's more, the job they have played in molding the criminal equity framework has been broadly announced. Reformatory arrangements are created by governments in accordance with the slants and yearnings of the overall population as opposed to their own bureaucratic associations (Pratt 2007: I). Populist notions veer toward a progressively corrective reaction to wrongdoing and the development of the media has been basic in fuelling open suppositions and making the conditions in which revenge and retaliation can all the more promptly be communicated (Matthews 2005: 181). Newburn states that the legislative issues of lawfulness are played out and invigorated by the media with wrongdoing turning out to be staple paper feed (Newburn 2007: 15). The manner in which the media features certain wrongdoings and occasions, impacts the overall population as well as lawmakers and approach creators who have come to depend on the media as the voice of popular assessment (Green 2009 : 527). Inside the criminal equity framework there is a wealth of specialists that are ready to impact arrangement making as well as to intervene the requests of general society (Matthews 2005: 189). Notwithstanding, Pratt (2007: I) contends that there has been less dependence on scholarly skill and reformatory populism has been permitted by governments to affect on approach improvement. The general population have had the option to express their perspectives and furthermore impact how correctional arrangement is grown, in addition, the publics antagonistic vibe towards pedophiles and demonstrations of vigilantism are frequently taken as a sign of natural open reformative nature (Matthews 2005: 188). The media at that point empower and animate open worry, as they continued looking for a substitute on whom to concentrate, bringing about a further increment in the offer of papers, likewise an expansion in review figures (Matthews 2005: 188). Reformatory populism has not just set new approach motivation it has likewise fundamentally re-imagined official assessments on wrongdoing and discipline (Pratt 2007: 28). It is in the advancement of strategy on sex guilty parties that it has had most impact (Pratt 2007), with close equals in the media and political talk concerning the hazard presented by pedophiles (Newburn and Jones 2005: 73). As indicated by Matthews (2005: 194), much has been made of the battles and enactment that have been passed to address the issue of pedophiles. Sara Paynes little girl was stole and killed in 2000 by Roy Whiting, she approached the then Home Secretary to change the law with respect to pedophiles. Battling for Sarahs Law to permit confined free to the sex wrongdoers register (BBC 2008), incompletely propelled by Megans Law, presented in New Jersey after the assault and murder of Megan Kanka in 1994. With the help of the News of the World, Sara Payne and the Sarahs Law crusade battled for guardians to reserve the privilege to know whether there was a kid sex guilty party living in their general vicinity (Ryan 2003: 127). It additionally called for high hazard pedophiles to be remembered for sex guilty party arranges, those that recently didn't fall inside the sex wrongdoer enrollment prerequisites; for the privilege of casualties to know why either sentence has been passed; and to be educated regarding the discharge date of the individuals who had manhandled them (Ryan 2003: 127). There was analysis from some police powers and youngster care organizations dreading vigilante assaults (BBC 2008), in addition, in 2000 on the Paulsgrove domain in Portsmouth speculated pedophiles and their families were survivors of vigilante assaults and a pediatrician had to leave her home and neighborhood after her home was assaulted (Ryan 2003: 127). This was provoked by the News of the World distributing the names and pictures of indicted pedophiles on the rear of the Sara Payne battle (Ryan 2003: 127). The publics reaction to this sentimental hysteria was, as per Ryan (2003) enlightening and there was far reaching judgment of the brutality, even the News of the World contended that it was counter-beneficial (Ryan 2003: 127). Hard cases make awful law, and staggering cases make automatic arrangement (Walker 2002: v). Counting those referenced beforehand and others, for example, the presentation of Multi Agency Protection Panels and keeping guilty parties from reaching casualties (For Sarah 2009), there have since been 15 bits of enactment presented as an immediate consequence of Sara Paynes work (Moorhead 2009); the News of The World case 14 of those are because of their crusade (For Sarah 2009). Moreover, Sarahs Law pilot plans, permitting controlled access to data about pedophiles, are presently being broadened (Topping 2009). Government officials know about the profundity of open inclination and they use talk and imagery to infer support for more grounded measures with respect to notice, simultaneously as bowing to the expert judgment and impact of criminal equity specialists (Jones and Newburn 2002: 196). Criminal laws and correctional estimates that are named after casualties, for example, Megans Law and the battle for Sarahs Law, utilize the predicament of the casualty to authentic progressively broad controls and new reformatory measures (Hoyle and Zedner 2007: 473). Pratt (2007) questions the consequences for criminal equity arrangement when strategy is driven by mainstream open uneasiness, the invalidation of proof based approach is tentatively less worried about demonstrated viability than with what the open need. Correctional populism has empowered new approach plans to be made, re-imagined official feelings on wrongdoing and discipline and Pratt (2007) states that it is in the improvement of arrangement on sex guilty parties that it has been generally persuasive. The general population, lawmakers and approach creators are

Plagiarism :: Cheating Internet Computer Ethics Essays

Copyright infringement Copyright infringement, or the unaccredited utilization of another's work or thoughts, has gotten increasingly more of an issue as of late than it was previously. As per insights found in a study directed by the Free Press, 58% of secondary school understudies let somebody duplicate their work in 1969, however by 1989 this number had ascended to 97%. The development of the World Wide Web and the quantity of individuals getting to the Web all the time has caused a scourge of written falsification in this nation, particularly among understudies. This is a difficult issue that must be tended to on the grounds that numerous understudies feel that on the off chance that they are not getting in a difficult situation for cheating, than it is alright. Kids are instructed to utilize PCs at amazingly youthful ages, and as indicated by Ann Lanthrop written falsification has become an issue even in the least degrees of basic training. It has gotten so natural for understudies to get to data for their schoolwork and papers on the Internet that a few understudies feel they ought not need to work even a little to get the evaluations that they want. Secondary school understudies escape perusing books for their English classes by perusing book notes on the web. While in the past understudies approached these materials, sites, for example, Spark Notes, Monkey Notes, and various different sites have made access to these study guides allowed to understudies, making the allurement cheat to be considerably harder to overlook. The Web additionally offers numerous ways for understudies to get research projects or papers requiring little to no effort. Much of the time, these understudies don't try to change any bit of the paper! The effortlessness of the Internet has made undermining assignments substantially more easy than previously, regardless of whether understudies are not straightforwardly reordering from Websites, they can likewise email schoolwork issues and paper inquiries to each individual from the class. Counterfeiting is a serious issue that should be tended to by the two instructors and guardians with youngsters while they are as yet youthful enough to fear the results of their activities. In the United States it is unlawful for one to counterfeit the copyrighted work of another individual. In addition to the fact that plagiarism violates legitimate rules, however it likewise encroaches on longstanding ethics and morals.

Positive and Negative Effects of Fructose Corn Syrup - 550 Words

Positive and Negative Effects of Fructose Corn Syrup (Essay Sample) Content: Positive and Negative Effects of Fructose Corn Syrup Name:UniversityPositive and Negative Effects of Fructose Corn Syrup Introduction According to Lorigan (2011), high fructose corn syrup is a sweetener that makes foods and beverages have better taste. Enzymes are utilized to ensure the ingredients added make food sweet. The syrup is usually made from corn through mixing other products, which are then added into food. Though some experts claim that the syrup is suitable for the body and other uses, others have campaigned against the use of the high fructose corn syrup because of its negative effects. Positive effects of fructose corn syrupAccording to Skoog, Bharucha Zinsmeister, (2008), there is no evidence that fructose, which is used to make the syrup causes problems like cancer and diabetes. He insists that fructose is natural because it occurs in nature through fresh, whole fruits. In this sense, just because studies in animals have revealed that the product may be harmful, is not evidence enough to conclude the same for humans. He further claims that though there is a likelihood of excessive consumption leading to such problems as obesity and cancer it is not practical that a human being can consume that much fructose corn syrup as to cause destruction. In addition, Skoog, et al (2008) claim that fructose corn syrup is just the same as table sugar is, and thus, is not harmful. Many people utilize table sugar, but think that fructose corn syrup could contain more calories. This, however, is untrue. Thus, it is vital to realize that the body breaks down both products in the same manner. Moreover, he adds that little evidence is available on the adverse effects of consuming excessive fructose corn syrup than there is for sugar. Thus, people should not fear, but instead have the knowledge that the syrup is broken down into glucose, which is used up by the body. Negative effects of fructose corn syrupAccording to Popa Ustunol (2011), excessiv e use of fructose corn syrup is likely to result to weight additions in the bodies of individuals. In 2008, for instance, the number of obese individuals in America had risen because of consumption of fructose corn syrup. In addition, high consumption puts people at the risk of having diabetes, because of the high level of the compound carbonyls, in the syrup. Moreover, the fructose corn syrup, amidst several debates has been found not to be natural. It has to exist through human intervention, increasing the risk of many artificial products added into it. The product requires many stages of processing, which corn and other materials have to be subjected to, in order to obtain the syrup. Through this process, many enzymes and other natural ingredients are killed. This is because it is impossible to go to the field, squeeze up some syrup out of sugar. Moreover, corn syrup is usually too sweet, which when consumed in large quantities becomes unhealthy for humans. Too much sweetness may lead to irritation in the mouth and expose the body to other dangers through exposure of the body in too much sugar. In this sense, Sievenpiper, De Souza, Mirrahimi, Carleton, Beyene Jenkins, (2012) indicate that too much consumption of the product may expose the body to cancerous cells. He adds that the syrup contains mercury, which is found in caustic soda. It is difficult for people to tell whether caustic soda contains taints of mercury or not, making the product risky. ConclusionConsumption of fructose corn syrup has more negative effects than it has positive effects. Thus, it is...

Great Books from High School Summer Reading Lists

The Issue Of Child Marriage Essay - 1266 Words

Child marriage is one of the hardest things a teenage child could face. It is basically a violation of children’s human rights. It is strictly prohibited by international law. Early marriage takes away the girls right to make important decisions about their sexual health and well being. Historically, patriarchal societies have marginalized women in various aspects across the world. Women disenfranchisement, in this way, is not a new phenomenon. However, with the passage of time women have been able to claim their rights and are seen at par with men in many developed societies. But the misfortune still persists in many parts of the world. Many societies still fail to see woman as fully human and fail to appreciate their role in the building of society. As a result, women are still subject to grave injustice in many societies and such societies also suffer from underdevelopment for minimal role of women in their development. Nepal is a country where women suffer from the issue o f ‘Child or Early Marriages’. This is a century’s long practice in Nepal and unfortunately nothing significant has appeared in form of tangible indicators that indicate the improvement in this grave scenario. International community and NGOs are working on this issue of Nepal as their priority but unfortunately with little success. Nepal government has also been brought in line on this and it has committed to ensure elimination of this devastating practice by 2030 BS. With its universal consequences,Show MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Child Marriage1637 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In the United States, marriage is seen as a sacred and consensual institution, but in developing countries, many children are introduced to marriage in a different manner. According to the United Nations Population Fund, one girl in every three is married before the age of eighteen in developing countries (Child Marriage, 1). 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In Niger, thisRead MorePersuasive Essay About Overpopulation1455 Words   |  6 PagesOverpopulation issue and ways to help solve it The big question is whether humanity is getting too big and, in the process, endangering the wellbeing of people, and our planet. Overpopulation is a real thing it’s happening right now in some parts of the world. Delay marriage, ending child marriages, and women empowerment might not seem like a lot, but it actually is. All these things can help the overpopulation problem we are facing today in certain parts of the world and in the future. If we allRead MoreFamily Law Is An Area That Concern About Legal Issues Involving1283 Words   |  6 Pages Family law is an area that concern about legal issues involving family relationships, such as marriage, divorce, adoption and child custody. Every country has its own family law and its typically influences by the issue, culture and religion in that country. In Malaysia, family law is divided into two categories; Islamic Family Law (Federal Territories) and the Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce). Malaysia is an Islamic country. Hence, this family law distinguishes between Muslims and non-MuslimsRead MoreChild Marriage Should Not Solve Our Problems With The Same Thinking Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesworld, marriage is viewed as a minute of delight and festival however the act of early marriage gives no such foundation for festival. Child marriage characterized as formal relational unions or standard and legal unions perceived as marriage before the age of 18. Marriage is similar to a school; a college with guidelines and laws. In what capacity would we be able to anticipate that a y oung girl will manufacture a crew? In what capacity can a girl be a mother of another kid? Child marriage is a gigantic

Introduction to Research-Sleep Quality Study-Samples for Students

Question: Choose a case and write a report on the ethics issues that may happen. You need to consider both pros and cons of certain type of research. Together with the ethics issues you will consider in the chosen case, you also need to provide the response plan to solve the problems according to the ethics policies, principles, rules in VU, VIC state and Australia. Answer: Introduction Quality of sleep is extremely important for maintaining a healthy life. A good nights sleep can bring benefits to hearth, mind, weight and many more things (Curcio et al., 2013). Health benefit experts have found that better sleep quality contributes in improving memory, enhancing longevity, reducing inflammation, spurring creativity, enhancing cognitive performances, improving attention and concentration, controlling weight and staying away from anxiety and depression. Sleep is the restorative state and the normal sleep is inadequate or disturbed due to some temporary or chronic issues. This results in increased tension, fatigue, irritability and vigilance. Emotional or physical trauma, metabolic or any other medical problems can initiate the sleep disturbances (Pow et al., 2017). Thus, from a very long time, the health benefit researchers have been researching on this topic to find out the patterns of sleep, quality of sleep, impact of disturbed sleep quality on various segments of people etc. According to National Sleep Foundation (NSF), there are many indicators that define good quality sleep. For example, sleeping at least 85% of the total time spent in bed, falling asleep within 30 minutes or less of going to bed, waking up not more than once a night and staying awake for 20 minutes or less after the initial sleep are the key indicators of good quality sleep (Sleepfoundation.org., 2014). As per other numerous researches, good quality sleep is an indicator of good health. However, quality sleep can also mean excess sleep for some people and excess sleep is not always good for health. Therefore, quality sleep is mostly defined as the undisturbed adequate sleep. This research report focuses on the study on sleep quality. It will address various aspects of the sleep quality of human beings and how the sleep quality affects the mental and physical health of people. Figure 1: Quality of sleep among the Americans (Source: Sleepfoundation.org., 2014) Figure 2: Sleep issues among American men and women (Source: Sleepfoundation.org., 2014) Research Background As discussed above, sleep quality is a very important factor that enables a person to have a healthy life. Sleep quality is associated with many things. It has been found that in various studies, that good quality sleep can enhance the memory. It helps in better academic performances, better health and increases productivity. On the other hand, lack of quality sleep can bring many problems such as, lack of focus and concentration, health issues, deterioration in performances etc. At the same time, it is found that, many factors influence the overall sleep quality. For example, physical activity can impact the sleep quality of a person. The usage of technology, use of light, surrounding noises, work pressure, tiredness from travelling, mental and/or physical illness etc. contribute in worsening the quality of sleep (Boubekri et al., 2014). The researcher will try to find out different aspects of sleep quality through this research. The earlier researches have focused on good and bad quality sleep, its impacts on human beings, belonging to different societies and categories, sleeping patterns, habits, problems etc. In this research study, the researcher will focus on the study on sleep quality. Various methods that are used to measure sleep quality will be explored by the researcher. Along with that, several benchmarks or thresholds that categorize different levels of sleep quality will be explored too. For this subject, the researcher will be conducting a cross sectional study between the groups of insomniac and good sleeper. This type of study is on kind of observational study and chosen so that a series of observation can be made over a period of time and can be analyzed to have an idea about the population (Lajoie et al., 2015). In this study, the researcher aims to find out what are levels of sleep quality, factors affecting sleep quality and impact of sleep quality on different category of people. Hence, the expected outcome of this research is different levels of sleep quality and the ways to measure them. Pros and Cons of research As discussed above, the researcher will be using cross sectional research for this research. It is one type of observational research. In this type of research, the researcher gets the chance to see what the participants of a population or sample are doing when they are faced with multiple choices. To be precise, a cross sectional study measures different variables within the population or sample at a single or specific point in time (Bryman Bell, 2015). It is a process of simultaneous data gathering. This is the most commonly used method of research in the case of health related issues. There are some pros and cons in this type of research. Those are as follows. Pros of cross sectional study: Ease of access to information: This type of study offers an easy and quick way for a researcher to gather the data for research. In majority of the cases, routinely collected data is sufficient. Even for a large target population, cross sectional study provides the scope for easy and quick data collection. Hence, the outcomes are also quite precise. Cost effectiveness: This type of research provides the opportunity for cost effectiveness. This helps the health care and research institutions to access the data easily and hence, saves both time and money. The lower cost of this study makes it possible to conduct further thorough investigations on the overall condition of the population (Hair, 2015). Use of multiple variables: using multiple variables at a single point of time helps the researcher to assess various aspects of the population at the same time. Thus, it helps in saving the time for conducting different studies on a particular population. Cons of cross sectional study: Causality problems: Although the cross sectional studies provide a good snapshot of the data, it does not provide a strong basis to establish the causality. While two different variables a single point of time, the cross sectional study can only tell if the variables are related or not, but it cannot determine if one causes the other. Neyman Bias: It is generated from the tools used for data collection by the researcher or by the health institutes. The tools, such as, scales, sphygmomanometers and pedometers are quite accurate but, questionnaires are the most commonly used tool in cross sectional studies and they give rise a prevalence-incidence bias, called Neyman Bias (Kremers akir, 2014). A person may not be able to answer every thing accurately, hence, even if the questionnaire is set perfectly objective, the imperfect answers either minimizes or magnifies the impacts of any particular variable and this affects the results of the cross sectional study. Specific of time: This type of study cannot be used to study and analyze the behavior of the population over a period of time. It can be used only for a single point of time (Lou et al., 2015). Flaw in findings: In cross sectional study, if there is a conflict of interest between the researcher and the funding source, the findings can be skewed or flawed. Ethical Issues,integrity and safety issues and risks Ethical issues, integrity, safety issues and risks are big concerns for any researcher. Dignity of the subjects, protection of the collected information and publication of the analysis should be protected with a high priority. In any type of survey, the researcher must understand the importance of protection of the privacy of the personal information of the respondents. During a research survey, the respondents may face challenges to meet the moral principles or ethics. This may lead to a conflict with the values of the subjects, societies, communities, and that may create dilemma for the researcher to include the results of the survey in the research paper. Marianna and Fouka (2014), says that the ethical issues in cross sectional research include voluntary participation of the respondents, informed consent by them, risk of harm in case of publication of personal information, leading to confidentiality, and anonymity of the participants. In this sleep quality study, the researcher m ust take measures to avoid these issues. The researcher also faces integrity issues regarding research misconduct, authorship and publication, conflicts of interest, data management and protection of intellectual property. It is extremely important for any researcher to maintain the uniqueness of the research paper. In this case also, the researcher must maintain the integrity of the sleep quality research by managing the response data efficiently so that the information does not get stolen. He must also maintain the originality of his research. He must consult previous literatures on sleep and quality of sleep and proceed with the research accordingly (Bowman, 2013). In the cross sectional study, there are some safety issues regarding the personal information of the respondents and the researcher must maintain confidentiality of them. Since, the topic of the research is a generic health issue, it is expected that, divulging personal information might not put the respondents in any kind of risks. Yet, the researcher must keep the data confidential to fulfill the ethical considerations of the research. Response plan to the issues and risks The researcher may not be able to follow the standard risk response plan that is usually followed in the project management. Under risk response plan, there are four categories, namely, avoidance, transfer, mitigation and acceptance. Avoidance refers to making the probability of the risk to zero by making some adjustments in the plan. Transfer represents shifting of the responsibility of dealing the risk to someone else. Mitigation is the reduction of the impact of the risk and acceptance is the event of dealing with the consequences of the risk (Bromiley et al., 2015). Under the cross sectional study for researching on the quality of sleep and its various aspects, the researcher faces the risk of anonymity, confidentiality of the personal information and originality of the study. In this context, the researcher must take the measures to maintain the uniqueness of his paper. He must take help from the various scholarly articles to write his own paper, but the writing and the concept should be of his own. Any unauthorized similarity of the paper with any other authors work can bring severe legal consequences for the researcher (Ferguson et al., 2015). Hence, the researcher must be aware of this and must act responsibly. Along with that, he must also maintain the anonymity and confidentiality of the private information of the respondents. This not only reflects the respect towards the respondents, but also ensures that the risk of harm is minimized. Lastly, the researcher must not publish the collected data much earlier of the final publication. These are all risk avoidance measures. By taking these measures, the researcher can avoid the risks that can arise while doing the study. Conclusion From the above report it can be found that, sleep quality study is a new topic in this field that focuses on variations in the quality of sleep and how it affects the performance and health across different sections of the people. The researcher will be performing a cross sectional study on the insomniacs and the good sleepers to find out the impact of quality sleep on them. This will help the researcher to get an idea on the impact of sleep on various sections of the population at a single point of time. 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